diac injection and finally Sema 3A 
regulates melanoma cell migration and invasion through autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. Altogether, our PF-562271 supplier experimental evidences suggested that Sema 3A acts as a potential tumor suppressor in melanoma model. Angiogenesis has been demonstrated as one of the major event during malignant progression of cancer. Recent advancement of cancer therapeutics indicated that targeting tumor angiogenesis could be one of the rational and promising approaches for the treatment of cancer. Earlier studies have shown that among various members of semaphorin family, Sema 3A could act as a ” potential suppressor of angiogenesis, however the molecular mechanism underlying this process is not clearly understood and has been a field of intense investigation. In this study, using various in vitro as well 26858988” as in vivo models, we have demonstrated that Sema 3A could suppress melanoma progression. Our clinical data for the first time revealed that melanoma growth negatively correlated with expression profile of Sema 3A. Earlier we have reported the crucial role of NRP1 in regulation of tumor endothelial interaction which ultimately regulates tumor angiogenesis. In this study, we have shown that B16F10 overexpressed Sema 3A disrupts tumor-endothelial interaction through NRP1 mediated process. Furthermore, we have detected significant reduction of tumor angiogenesis in Sema 3A overexpressed clone when injected subcutaneously into C57BL/6 mice. In summary, our experimental observations have clearly indicated that Sema 3A may act as a potential suppressor of melanoma progression by attenuating angiogenesis. Metastasis or the distant migration of cancer cells from the site of origin is the major cause of death by cancer. Metastasis is a multistep process involving motility and invasion of cancer cells, intravasation, transit through vascular and/or lymphatic system, extravasation and growth of secondary tumor at new site. Therefore, prevention of migration and metastasis of cancer cells is the center of attention for researchers and oncologists. In this study, we have shown that Sema 3A attenuates in vitro melanoma Semaphorin 3A Attenuates Melanoma Progression cell motility and invasiveness. Moreover, our time lapse microscopy data have clearly indicated that Sema 3A significantly reduced the migration of melanoma cells. Earlier it has been reported that p53 inhibits lung metastasis in B16F10 cells. We have also observed that overexpression of Sema 3A augmented the activation of p53 in various melanoma models. Moreover, we have correlated the Sema 3A and p53 phosphorylation at Ser-15 in melanoma clinical specimens. Therefore, the inhibitory effect of Sema 3A on melanoma cells may be p53 dependent, although extensive study is required to understand such mechanism. Furthermore, our allograft data have shown that Sema 3A overexpression drastically reduced in vivo melanoma growth and metastasis. Moreover, attenuation of tumor growth by intratumoral injection of CM of clone 2 indicates that tumor secreted Sema 3A also suppressed tumor growth via paracrine mechanism. In recent time, treatment of cancer patients with anticancer agents/drugs has shown greater promises; although there is some limitation of such therapy. Drug resistance of cancer cells has been known as the major burden for cancer chemotherapy and exhibit frequent clinical problem in patients. Therefore, development of novel therapeutic approach to overcome the drug resistance an
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